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Abstract
This study aims to determine the various kinds of compounds from the saponin group found in local Indonesian garlic and map the biological potential of these compounds, especially the potential in the health sector. Saponins are a group of compounds characterized by the presence of foam. Saponins have various benefits both in the health, agriculture, animal husbandry, and also in the food and cosmetic industries. Fifteen compounds from the saponin group were identified from local Indonesian garlic obtained from West Papua, using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) and validated based on their similarity with the NCBI PubChem database. Saponin compounds in local Papuan garlic, then, their biological potential was mapped using the PASS Server and showed that there were seventeen kinds of biological potential in the saponin compound group from Indonesian local garlic. The three most dominant potencies are as anticancer, antifungal, and hypolipemic. Based on this research, it can be concluded that Indonesian local garlic has great potential to be developed and applied in the health sector, especially as an anticancer related to the saponin content in tubers.
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References
- Balqis, Widodo, Lukiati B, Amin M. 2019. Active Compounds with antioxidant potential in boiled local Papua-Indonesian garlic. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019(1): 0200121–4.
- Bhatwalkar, S.B., Rajesh M., Suresh B.N.K., Jamila K.A., Patrick G., and Rajaneesh A. 2021. Antibacterial properties of organosulfur compounds of garlic (Allium sativum). Front Microbiol 12: 1-20.
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- Falade VA, Adelusi TI, Adedotun IO, Hammed MA, Lawal TA, Agboluaje SA. 2021. In Silico investigation of saponins and tannins as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main Protease (Mpro). In Silico Pharmacology. 9(9): 1-15.
- Li, Zimming, W. Le, dan Z. Cui. 2018. A novel therapeutic anticancer property of raw garlic extract via injection but not ingestion. Cell Death Disc 4(108): 1-10.
- Poroikov, V.V., D.A. Filimonov., T.A. Gloriozova, A.A. Lagunin, D.S. Druzhilovskiy, A.V. Rudik., et al. 2020. Computer-aided prediction of biological spectra for organic compounds: the possibilities and limitations. Russ Chem Bul 68 (12): 2143-2154.
- Rai, S., E. Acharya-Siwakoti, A. Kafle, H.P. Devkota, and A. Bhattarai. 2021. Plant-derived saponin: a review of their surfactant properties and applications. Sci 3(4), 44.
- Rifai EA, Hayun H, Yanuar A. 2017. In Silico screening of antimalarial from Indonesian medicinal plants database to plasmepsin target. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 10(5): 130-133.
- Shang, Ao, Shi-Yu C., Xiao-Yu X., Ren-You G., Guo-Yi T., Harold C., Vuyo M., and Hua-Bin L. 2019. Bioactive compounds and biological functions of garlic (Allium sativumL.). Foods 8 (246): 1-31.
- Singh, Deepika dan Prabir K. Chaudhuri. 2018. Structural characteristics, bioavailability, and cardioprotective potentials of saponins. Integr Med Res 7(1): 33-43.
- Sobolewska D, Michalska K, Podolak I, Grabowska K. 2016. Steroidal saponins from the genus Allium. Phytochemistry Reviews. 15: 1–35.
- Yunus, F.T., A. Suwondo, dan Martini. 2021. Phytochemical compound of garlic (Allium sativum) as an antibacterial to Staphylococcus aureus growth. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng 1053 012041.
References
Balqis, Widodo, Lukiati B, Amin M. 2019. Active Compounds with antioxidant potential in boiled local Papua-Indonesian garlic. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019(1): 0200121–4.
Bhatwalkar, S.B., Rajesh M., Suresh B.N.K., Jamila K.A., Patrick G., and Rajaneesh A. 2021. Antibacterial properties of organosulfur compounds of garlic (Allium sativum). Front Microbiol 12: 1-20.
Budianto, Yanuarius A.P., N.S. Widyastiti, dan Ariosta. 2018. Perbandingan pengaruh pemberian ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum L.), kitosan, dan yoghurt sinbiotik pisang tanduk terhadap profil lipid tikus Sprague Dawley hiperkolesterolemia. JKD Vol. 7(2): 586-598.
Chattopadhyay, A., C.L. Iwema, Barbara A.E., Adrian V.L., and Arthur S.L. 2019. Molecular biology information service: an innovative medical library-based bioinformatics support service for medical researchers. Brief in Bioinfo 21(3): 876-884.
Falade VA, Adelusi TI, Adedotun IO, Hammed MA, Lawal TA, Agboluaje SA. 2021. In Silico investigation of saponins and tannins as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main Protease (Mpro). In Silico Pharmacology. 9(9): 1-15.
Li, Zimming, W. Le, dan Z. Cui. 2018. A novel therapeutic anticancer property of raw garlic extract via injection but not ingestion. Cell Death Disc 4(108): 1-10.
Poroikov, V.V., D.A. Filimonov., T.A. Gloriozova, A.A. Lagunin, D.S. Druzhilovskiy, A.V. Rudik., et al. 2020. Computer-aided prediction of biological spectra for organic compounds: the possibilities and limitations. Russ Chem Bul 68 (12): 2143-2154.
Rai, S., E. Acharya-Siwakoti, A. Kafle, H.P. Devkota, and A. Bhattarai. 2021. Plant-derived saponin: a review of their surfactant properties and applications. Sci 3(4), 44.
Rifai EA, Hayun H, Yanuar A. 2017. In Silico screening of antimalarial from Indonesian medicinal plants database to plasmepsin target. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 10(5): 130-133.
Shang, Ao, Shi-Yu C., Xiao-Yu X., Ren-You G., Guo-Yi T., Harold C., Vuyo M., and Hua-Bin L. 2019. Bioactive compounds and biological functions of garlic (Allium sativumL.). Foods 8 (246): 1-31.
Singh, Deepika dan Prabir K. Chaudhuri. 2018. Structural characteristics, bioavailability, and cardioprotective potentials of saponins. Integr Med Res 7(1): 33-43.
Sobolewska D, Michalska K, Podolak I, Grabowska K. 2016. Steroidal saponins from the genus Allium. Phytochemistry Reviews. 15: 1–35.
Yunus, F.T., A. Suwondo, dan Martini. 2021. Phytochemical compound of garlic (Allium sativum) as an antibacterial to Staphylococcus aureus growth. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng 1053 012041.